JP-1 (C₁₂H₂₆ (approximate kerosene blend)) is a hydrocarbon propellant used as a fuel. Storable at ambient temperature. Typical ISP: 260–320 s (with LOX) seconds.
JP-1 was an early jet fuel specification used in some rocket applications, essentially a kerosene with tighter specifications than standard aviation fuel. It was superseded by JP-4, JP-5, and eventually RP-1 for rocket use. JP-1 had a relatively high freezing point which limited its utility in aviation but was acceptable for ground-launched rocket applications.
An early military specification fuel introduced in the late 1940s. Quickly superseded by other JP specifications and RP-1 for rocket applications.
Storable, safe handling, widely available kerosene base
Higher freezing point, less refined than RP-1, variable composition
