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HYPERGOLIC FUEL

MMH (Monomethylhydrazine)

CH₃NHNH₂
FuelStorable for years at ambient temperatureVery toxic — carcinogenic, absorbed through skin
CH₃NHNH₂
FORMULA
CHEMICAL
280–310 s (with NTO)
SECONDS
ISP RANGE
0.875 g/cm³ at 20°C
KG/M³
DENSITY
87.5°C
°C
BOILING POINT
46.07 g/mol
G/MOL
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
Very toxic — carcinogenic, absorbed through skin
RATING
TOXICITY

MMH (Monomethylhydrazine) (CH₃NHNH₂) is a hypergolic fuel propellant used as a fuel. Storable for years at ambient temperature. Typical ISP: 280–310 s (with NTO) seconds.

MMH is a storable hypergolic fuel used primarily in spacecraft propulsion systems, including the Space Shuttle OMS/RCS and many satellite thrusters. It offers a better balance of performance and handling compared to hydrazine and UDMH. MMH has a higher density impulse than hydrazine and better shock sensitivity than UDMH.

FormulaCH₃NHNH₂
🔬TypeHypergolic Fuel
🔥RoleFuel
Density0.875 g/cm³ at 20°C kg/m³
Molecular Weight46.07 g/mol g/mol
🌡Boiling Point87.5°C°C
Melting Point-52.4°C°C
🎨Color / AppearanceColorless liquid
📦StorabilityStorable for years at ambient temperature
CryogenicNo

Widely adopted for spacecraft propulsion in the 1960s–70s. Used in Space Shuttle orbital maneuvering system and numerous satellite propulsion systems.

Storable, hypergolic, good stability, slightly better Isp than UDMH

Highly toxic, carcinogenic, expensive handling requirements

🚀ISP Range280–310 s (with NTO) seconds
ToxicityVery toxic — carcinogenic, absorbed through skin
CryogenicNo
Nitrogen Tetroxide (NTO)
MON-3
Shuttle OMS
Shuttle RCS
Draco (early)
R-4D
Satellite thrusters

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