Hot Gas DuctingExhaust Manifoldby Various (integrated into engine)
Typical Specifications
Gas Temperature
500u2013900u00b0C
Pressure
5u201350 MPa
Flow Velocity
50u2013200 m/s
Operating Principle
Hot gas at 500–900°C exits the turbine and flows through a manifold that distributes it either into the main injector (staged combustion) or to an exhaust nozzle (gas generator). The manifold must provide uniform flow distribution and accommodate thermal expansion.
The turbine exhaust manifold collects and routes hot gas from the turbopump turbine discharge to its destination—either overboard through a secondary nozzle (gas generator cycle) or into the main combustion chamber (staged combustion cycle). In staged combustion engines, this component must handle extreme pressures and temperatures while maintaining structural integrity and flow uniformity.
Materials
Used In Engines
Common Failure Modes
Thermal fatigue cracking, weld failure, flow-induced vibration, hot spots from flow maldistribution, oxidation
Recent Innovations
Cast manifolds replacing welded assemblies, 3D-printed manifolds (Raptor), actively cooled manifolds, flow-turning vanes
