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LANDING SITEUtopia Planitia
LAT25.07°
LON109.93°
MARS
May 14, 2021
LANDING DATE
2021
1 year (Zhurong rover active ~1 year)
MISSION DURATION
TOTAL
-80 to -20 C
SURFACE TEMP
AT LANDING SITE
1,745
KG
MASS
9
INSTRUMENTS
SCIENTIFIC PAYLOAD
Tianwen-1 Lander is a lander mission by CNSA on Mars. Landed May 14, 2021. Landing site: Utopia Planitia.
ABOUT TIANWEN-1 LANDER
The Tianwen-1 lander delivered the Zhurong rover to Mars, making China the second country after the United States to successfully operate a rover on the Martian surface. Landing in Utopia Planitia on May 14, 2021, Zhurong explored for approximately one year before entering hibernation due to a dust storm. Using its ground-penetrating radar, it detected evidence of multiple ancient flooding events below the surface, and its spectrometers found hydrated minerals suggesting past water-rock interactions.
KEY DISCOVERIES
- Evidence of ancient ocean shoreline at Utopia Planitia
- Hydrated minerals detected on Mars surface by Zhurong
- Subsurface layers suggest multiple flooding events
- Wind-carved features and dune migration documented
TECHNOLOGY & FIRSTS
- China became 2nd country to operate a rover on Mars
- First mission to orbit, land, and deploy rover in single launch
- Airbag + retrorocket hybrid landing system
- Zhurong rover traveled 1,921 meters
SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS (9)
Navigation/Terrain Camera
Multispectral Camera
Mars Rover Penetrating Radar (RoPeR)
Mars Surface Composition Detector
Mars Magnetic Field Detector
Mars Meteorology Monitor
Zhurong rover: NaTeCam
Zhurong rover: MarSCoDe (Laser spectrometer)
Zhurong rover: RoPeR (ground-penetrating radar)
SPACECRAFT SPECIFICATIONS
Mass1,745 kg (3,848 lbs)
PowerSolar panels
CommunicationsUHF relay via Tianwen-1 orbiter, X-band
Design Life90 days (rover)
Landing DateMay 14, 2021
Mission EndMay 20, 2022
ProgramTianwen
SURFACE DATA
Surface Temperature-80 to -20 C
Surface Pressure~7.2 mbar
🏢 OPERATOR