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📚 COLD WAR

Buran Program

PROGRAM
1988–1993ACTIVE PERIOD
NPO Energia / NPO MolniyaAGENCY
1FLIGHTS
100%SUCCESS RATE
Soviet UnionCOUNTRY
ABOUT BURAN PROGRAM

Buran was the Soviet Union’s reusable orbital shuttle, visually similar to NASA’s Space Shuttle but with key design differences. It completed one unmanned orbital flight on November 15, 1988, autonomously landing after two orbits. The program was cancelled in 1993 due to the dissolution of the Soviet Union and budget constraints.

NOTABLE MISSIONS
🚀 Buran 1.01 u2013 Unmanned autonomous orbital flight and landing
LEGACY & LASTING IMPACT
Only unmanned autonomous orbital shuttle flight; demonstrated Soviet engineering capability
PROGRAM DETAILS
CategoryProgram
EraCold War
AgencyNPO Energia / NPO Molniya
CountrySoviet Union
Start Date1988-11-15
End Date1993-06-30
Total Flights1
Success Rate100%
SuccessorNone (cancelled)
PROGRAM COST
Original Cost~16 billion rubles
Inflation-Adjusted~$20 billion (2020 est.)
KEY FIGURES
  • 👤 Gleb Lozino-Lozinskiy
  • 👤 Valentin Glushko
TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED
  • ⚙ Energia launch vehicle
  • ⚙ Autonomous landing system
  • ⚙ RD-0120 cryogenic engine
  • ⚙ Thermal tiles